Quran Page 12: The Covenant of Moral Duties (Surah Al-Baqarah 77-83)
📖 About Surah Al-Baqarah (Page 12)
In Page 12, the Quran highlights that Allah knows what is hidden and what is manifest. It rebukes those who write scriptures with their own hands and claim they are from Allah. Most importantly, verse 83 lists the fundamental ethics of Islam: kindness to parents and kin, care for the vulnerable, establishing prayer, and the beautiful command to "Speak to people good words."
🕌 Arabic Text (Uthmani Script)
وَمِنْهُمْ أُمِّيُّونَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ الْكِتَابَ إِلَّا أَمَانِيَّ وَإِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ (٧٨)
فَوَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَكْتُبُونَ الْكِتَابَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ ثُمَّ يَقُولُونَ هَٰذَا مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ لِيَشْتَرُوا بِهِ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا ۖ فَوَيْلٌ لَهُمْ مِمَّا كَتَبَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَوَيْلٌ لَهُمْ مِمَّا يَكْسِبُونَ (٧٩)
وَقَالُوا لَنْ تَمَسَّنَا النَّارُ إِلَّا أَيَّامًا مَعْدُودَةً ۚ قُلْ أَتَّخَذْتُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَهْدًا فَلَنْ يُخْلِفَ اللَّهُ عَهْدَهُ ۖ أَمْ تَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ (٨٠)
بَلَىٰ مَنْ كَسَبَ سَيِّئَةً وَأَحَاطَتْ بِهِ خَطِيئَتُهُ فَأُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ (٨١)
وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ أُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ الْجَنَّةِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ (٨٢)
وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا تَعْبُدُونَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا وَذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَقُولُوا لِلنَّاسِ حُسْنًا وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِنْكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ مُعْرِضُونَ (٨٣)
🌍 English Translation (Sahih International)
77. Do they not know that Allah knows what they conceal and what they declare?
79. So woe to those who write the "scripture" with their own hands, then say, "This is from Allah," in order to exchange it for a small price...
83. And [recall] when We took the covenant from the Children of Israel, [enjoining upon them], "Do not worship except Allah; and to parents do good and to relatives, orphans, and the needy. And speak to people good [words] and establish prayer and give zakah."
💡 Vocabulary & Tajwid Insights
| Arabic Word | Meaning / Rule |
|---|---|
| Ummiyyūn (أُمِّيُّونَ) | Unlettered or illiterate (those who do not know the Book). |
| Ḥusnā (حُسْنًا) | Goodness / Kind words (referring to how we should speak). |
| Tajwid Rule | Madd Munfasil: In the phrase "Illā amāniyya" (إِلَّا أَمَانِيَّ) in verse 78, the Madd is followed by a Hamza in the next word. Stretch it for 4-5 counts. |
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